Which of the following is NOT one of the three pillars of SEO?

The three pillars of SEO, which are crucial for improving a website's visibility and ranking on search engines, typically include technical optimization, on-page optimization, and off-page optimization. Each of these pillars serves a distinct purpose in creating a comprehensive SEO strategy.

Technical optimization focuses on the backend of a website, ensuring that it meets the technical requirements of search engines for crawling and indexing. This can involve aspects such as site speed, mobile-friendliness, and secure connections (HTTPS), all of which impact how well a site performs in search rankings.

On-page optimization pertains to optimizing individual pages on a website to improve their rank in search results. This includes the use of relevant keywords, meta tags, content quality, and user experience factors such as layout and mobile responsiveness.

Off-page optimization revolves around increasing the authority of a website through external factors. This primarily involves building backlinks from other reputable websites, social media marketing, and other promotional efforts that occur outside the website itself.

Keyword research, while an essential component of SEO, primarily falls under the umbrella of both on-page and off-page strategies rather than being considered a standalone pillar. It informs the content creation process, helping marketers understand what terms and phrases potential customers are searching for, but it doesn’t encompass the broader